Human Rights Watch reported that there was credible evidence to indicate that the Saudi-led coalition has used banned cluster bombs supplied by the United States in airstrikes against Houthi forces in Yemen.
Cluster munitions pose long-term dangers to civilians and are prohibited by a 2008 treaty that has been adopted by 116 countries- not inclding Saudi Arabia, Yemen, or the United States.
Steve Goose, arms director at Human Rights Watch said: “These weapons should never be used under any circumstances. Saudi Arabia and other coalition members – and the supplier, the US – are flouting the global standard that rejects cluster munitions because of their long-term threat to civilians”
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RT reports: Cluster munitions contain hundreds of smaller explosive submunitions that are spread over a wide area. This type of weapon is dangerous because some subminitions aren’t immediately detonated and can lie dormant for decades before exploding. Civilians and particularly children have been historically the primary victims of such booby traps.
An international convention signed by 116 countries prohibits the use of cluster munitions, but the US, members of the Saudi-led Arab coalition and Yemen itself are not among the signatories. US arms export guidelines, however, demand that any cluster weapons sold to foreign nations are only used against “clearly defined military targets and will not be used where civilians are known to be present or in areas normally inhabited by civilians.”
HRW says it received photo and video evidence as well as eyewitness accounts of the coalition using cluster bombs in its air raids on Houthis. In one case, they appeared to land on a field within 600 meters of several dozen civilian buildings.
“We do not know why in this instance they’ve used the munitions. They did it before in 2009 and at that time we had no understanding of why they did that,” Belkis Wille, Yemen and Kuwait researcher with the HRW, told RT.
“Locals in the village where the photos were taken of the munitions on the [ground] said they were suspecting that Saudi Arabia was trying to bomb a main highway that goes form the city of Saada, which is the Houthi stronghold in the country, southward in the direction of the capital Sanaa. We have not been able to verify that unfortunately,” she added.
The organization identified the weapons used as CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapons manufactured by the Textron Systems Corporation. It’s a 450-kilogram bomb containing 10 BLU-108 submunitions, which are dispersed in the air, are parachuted down. They then disperse smaller submunitions that detect armor vehicles like tanks and APCs and destroy them from above.
A video of what HRW believes to be deployment of two CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapons on April 17 was uploaded on a pro-Houthi YouTube channel.
Saudi Arabia agreed a contract with the manufacture of the weapons in 2013, HRW said. The UAE received a number in June 2010 under a contract announced in 2007.
Riyadh denied using cluster munitions in its Yemen campaign on March 29, a few days after it started.
While drawing condemnation from campaigners and rights groups, the United States is defending its supplies of cluster munitions to Saudi Arabia.
A Pentagon official told AFP on Sunday that the recipients of US cluster munitions commit that the weapons will only be used against “clearly defined military targets”.
The US State Department said it is looking into the allegations but, as Foreign Policy reports, the notoriously imprecise weapons, could still have an appropriate role to play in Riyadh’s U.S.-backed offensive (as long as it was used carefully).’
Niamh Harris
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